A man on parole who is ordered by a court to attend counseling is receiving involuntary treatment.
Correct Answer
True
True. Involuntary treatment is therapy a person did not choose, such as counseling required as a condition of parole or probation. Voluntary treatment is therapy a person seeks out to get relief from symptoms.
Category: History of Treatment
Question 2
Antipsychotic medications were first introduced in the 1990s.
Correct Answer
False
False. Antipsychotic drugs were introduced in the 1950s and became widely used in the 1960s. Their ability to control symptoms helped make it possible to move many patients out of large hospitals.
Category: History of Treatment
Question 3
The Mental Health Parity and Addiction Equity Act of 2008 allowed insurers to cover mental health care less fully than medical care.
Correct Answer
False
False. The act required that insurance coverage for mental health and substance use treatment be no more restrictive than coverage for medical and surgical care. Its goal was to reduce cost as a barrier to treatment.
Category: History of Treatment
Question 4
In directive play therapy, the therapist adds structure by suggesting topics, asking questions, or playing along with the child.
Correct Answer
True
True. In directive play therapy the therapist guides the session. In nondirective play therapy, by contrast, the child plays freely while the therapist observes.
Category: Psychotherapies
Question 5
Client-centered therapy is a directive approach in which the therapist gives clients specific advice about what to do.
Correct Answer
False
False. Carl Rogers designed client-centered therapy to be nondirective, so the therapist does not give advice. Instead, the therapist provides acceptance, genuineness, and empathy so clients can find their own solutions.
Category: Psychotherapies
Question 6
In client-centered therapy, active listening means the therapist interprets the client's hidden unconscious motives.
Correct Answer
False
False. Active listening means acknowledging, restating, and clarifying what the client says so the client feels understood. Interpreting unconscious motives is a feature of psychoanalysis, not client-centered therapy.
Category: Psychotherapies
Question 7
Systematic desensitization was developed by B. F. Skinner.
Correct Answer
False
False. Systematic desensitization was developed by Joseph Wolpe, who paired relaxation with gradual exposure to feared situations. Skinner is known for his work on operant conditioning.
Category: Psychotherapies
Question 8
Exposure therapy can be delivered through virtual reality, such as computer simulations used to treat fear of flying.
Correct Answer
True
True. Virtual reality exposure lets clients face feared situations, such as flying, heights, or combat memories in PTSD, in a controlled setting. Exposure can also take place in real life or in imagination.
Category: Psychotherapies
Question 9
Albert Ellis founded rational emotive therapy, an early form of cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Correct Answer
True
True. Ellis's rational emotive therapy helps clients identify and dispute irrational beliefs that produce emotional distress. It is one of the earliest forms of cognitive-behavioral therapy.
Category: Psychotherapies
Question 10
Benzodiazepines such as Xanax and Valium reduce anxiety by stimulating the central nervous system.
Correct Answer
False
False. Benzodiazepines are anti-anxiety drugs that depress, or slow, central nervous system activity. Common side effects include drowsiness and dizziness.
Category: Biomedical Therapies
Question 11
Stimulant medications such as Ritalin and Adderall are commonly prescribed to treat ADHD.
Correct Answer
True
True. Stimulants improve focus and the ability to sustain attention in people with ADHD. Common side effects include decreased appetite and difficulty sleeping.
Category: Biomedical Therapies
Question 12
Electroconvulsive therapy is generally reserved for severe depression that has not responded to other treatments, partly because repeated sessions can cause memory loss.
Correct Answer
True
True. ECT passes an electrical current through the brain of an anesthetized patient to induce a brief seizure. It can relieve severe, treatment-resistant depression, but memory loss is a known side effect, so it is used as a later option.
Category: Biomedical Therapies
Question 13
Atypical antipsychotics act only on dopamine and have no effect on serotonin.
Correct Answer
False
False. Atypical antipsychotics such as Risperdal and Clozaril affect both dopamine and serotonin systems. They can help with negative symptoms such as withdrawal and apathy, which older antipsychotics treat less well.
Category: Biomedical Therapies
Question 14
Psychotropic medications typically cure psychological disorders rather than manage their symptoms.
Correct Answer
False
False. Medications usually reduce or control symptoms rather than curing the underlying disorder. For conditions such as depression and anxiety they tend to work best when combined with psychotherapy.
Category: Biomedical Therapies
Question 15
Group therapy is generally less expensive per client than individual therapy.
Correct Answer
True
True. Because one clinician works with several clients at once, group therapy is more economical. It also offers peer support, feedback from others with similar problems, and a place to practice social skills.
Category: Modalities and Culture
Question 16
In strategic family therapy, the therapist takes a nondirective role and lets the family set the agenda for each session.
Correct Answer
False
False. In strategic family therapy the therapist directs the sessions and designs a detailed plan to solve specific problems in a relatively short time. Structural family therapy, by contrast, focuses on the family's boundaries, rules, and roles.
Category: Modalities and Culture
Question 17
A therapist may not share what a client says in therapy with third parties except when the law requires or permits it.
Correct Answer
True
True. Confidentiality protects what clients disclose in therapy and is explained at the first session. The law makes certain exceptions, such as when a client poses a serious danger to someone.
Category: Modalities and Culture
Question 18
People with a substance use disorder often have a comorbid psychological disorder, such as depression or anxiety.
Correct Answer
True
True. Substance-related disorders frequently occur together with mood, anxiety, and other disorders. Effective treatment for these clients addresses both conditions rather than only one.
Category: Modalities and Culture
Question 19
In the United States, members of ethnic minority groups use mental health services more often than White Americans do.
Correct Answer
False
False. Ethnic minority groups use mental health services less often than White, middle-class Americans, and the gap remains even after income and insurance are taken into account. Stigma, language, and mistrust of providers are among the reasons.
Category: Modalities and Culture
Question 20
Cost, lack of transportation, and stigma are common barriers that keep people from seeking mental health treatment.
Correct Answer
True
True. Many people who need care never receive it because of practical obstacles such as cost, insurance, transportation, and time, along with stigma and mistrust. Reducing these barriers is a major goal of mental health policy.
Category: Modalities and Culture