ENT Secrets: Lightyear

Question 1

The Maxillary sinuses are the first facial sinuses to develop in utero

Missing Word

Maxillary

Question 2

Agger nasi is the most anterior of the Ethmoid air cells

Missing Words

Agger, nasi

Question 3

Agger nasi is the most anterior of the Ethmoid air cells

Missing Words

Ethmoid, air, cells

Question 4

Which Ethmoidal air cell is highlighted below? Agger nasi

Missing Words

Agger, nasi

Question 5

Filiform papillae are found all over the tongue and do not participate in taste sensation

Missing Word

Filiform

Question 6

The Agger nasi cell is the most Anterior of the ethmoid cells

Missing Word

The Sphenoethmoidal air cell is also called the Onodi air cell

Missing Word

Sphenoethmoidal

Question 8

The Sphenoethmoidal air cell is also called the Onodi air cell

Missing Word

Onodi

Question 9

Haller cell forms when the ethmoid pneumatizes into the medial and inferior orbital walls

Missing Words

Haller, cell

Question 10

The Parotid glands produce mostly serous (serous/mucinous) saliva

Missing Word

serous

Question 11

The Sublingual glands produce mostly mucinous (serous/mucinous) saliva

Missing Word

mucinous

Question 12

Round (Oval/Round) lymph nodes are relativley more suspicious for malignancy

Missing Word

Round

Question 13

"Thumb print sign" is the classic radiographic finding of Acute epiglottitis

Missing Words

Thumb, print, sign

Question 14

"Thumb print sign" is the classic radiographic finding of Acute epiglottitis

Missing Words

Acute, epiglottitis

Question 15

The Vallecula is the space between the root of the tongue and the epiglottis

Missing Word

Vallecula

Question 16

The Vallecula is the space between the root of the tongue and the epiglottis

Missing Word

epiglottis

Question 17

Hereditary angioedema involves a deficiency in C1 esterase inhibitor

Missing Words

C1, esterase, inhibitor

Question 18

Danazol is a hormone used in the long-term treatment of Hereditary Angioedema

Missing Word

Danazol

Question 19

Pseudomonas (Microbe?) is nearly always the responsible organism for causing Malignant otitis externa

Missing Word

Pseudomonas

Question 20

Granulation tissue in Malignant otitis externa is often present at the bone-cartilage junction

Missing Word

Granulation

Question 21

Granulation tissue in Malignant otitis externa is often present at the bone-cartilage junction

Missing Word

bone-cartilage

Question 22

The Mylohyoid muscle is superior (inferior/superior) to the Anterior belly of the digastric muscle

Missing Word

superior

Question 23

The Anterior belly of the digastric muscle is inferior (inferior/superior) to the Mylohyoid muscle

Missing Word

inferior

Question 24

The Mylohyoid muscle is just superior to the Anterior belly of the digastric muscle

Missing Word

Mylohyoid

Question 25

The Brachiocephalic artery is also called the Innominate artery

Missing Word

Innominate

Question 26

Tracheoinnominate fistula is a rare sequlae of a tracheostomy

Missing Word

Tracheoinnominate

Question 27

Tracheoinnominate fistula is a rare sequlae of a tracheostomy (procedure?)

Missing Word

tracheostomy

Question 28

Which device is pictured below? Oropharyngeal airway

Missing Words

Oropharyngeal, airway

Question 29

CT scan is the imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis of Ludwig angina

Missing Words

CT, scan

Question 30

Obstructive sleep apnea is defined by apnea lasting longer than 10 seconds

Missing Words

10, seconds

Question 31

Stimulators of the Hypoglossal nerve can be used to treat Obstructive sleep apnea

Missing Word

Hypoglossal

Question 32

AHI ≥5 is diagnostic for OSA

Missing Word

5

Question 33

Sarcoidosis causes formation of noncaseating (noncaseating/caseating) granulomas

Missing Word

noncaseating

Question 34

Relapsing polychondritis is a disorder against the cartilaginous tissues of the ears, nose, and airway

Missing Words

Relapsing, polychondritis

Question 35

Relapsing polychondritis is a disorder against the cartilaginous tissues of the ears, nose, and airway

Missing Word

cartilaginous

Question 36

External ear inflammation is the most common presenting feature of Relapsing polychondritis

Missing Words

External, ear

Question 37

The diagnostic finding on biopsy of Sjogren syndrome is lymphocytic sialadenitis

Missing Words

Sjogren, syndrome

Question 38

The diagnostic finding on biopsy of Sjogren syndrome is lymphocytic sialadenitis

Missing Words

lymphocytic, sialadenitis

Question 39

Tension headaches are typically bilateral (unilateral/bilateral)

Missing Word

bilateral

Question 40

Amitriptyline is used for prophylaxis for Tension headaches

Missing Word

Amitriptyline

Question 41

Triptans cause constriction (constriction/dilation) of cranial blood vessels

Missing Word

constriction

Question 42

Migraine headaches are typically unilateral (unilateral/bilateral)

Missing Word

unilateral

Question 43

Trigeminal neuralgia is typically unilateral (unilateral/bilateral)

Missing Word

unilateral

Question 44

Most branchial cleft anomalies are in the second branchial cleft

Missing Word

second

Question 45

The facial nerve emerges through the Stylomatoid foramen (which opening in the skull?)

Missing Words

Stylomatoid, foramen

Question 46

HPV protein, E6 inactivates p53

Missing Word

E6

Question 47

HPV protein, E6 inactivates p53

Missing Word

p53

Question 48

HPV protein, E7 inactivates RB

Missing Word

E7

Question 49

HPV protein, E7 inactivates RB

Missing Word

RB

Question 50

Cetuximab is a(n) monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of EGFR

Missing Word

Cetuximab

Question 51

Cetuximab is a(n) monoclonal antibody against the extracellular domain of EGFR

Missing Word

EGFR

Question 52

HPV is a common cause of Oropharynx (Oral/Oropharynx) Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Missing Word

Oropharynx

Question 53

Cormack-Lehane Classification grades the view of the larynx during direct laryngoscopy

Missing Word

Cormack-Lehane

Question 54

The picture below demonstrates which operative technique for a tracheotomy? Bjork flap

Missing Words

Bjork, flap

Question 55

The Glottis is the most common site of laryngeal cancer

Missing Word

Glottis

Question 56

Sialolithiasis is stones in the salivary glands or ducts

Missing Word

Sialolithiasis

Question 57

Sialoadenitis is inflammation of a salivary gland

Missing Word

Sialoadenitis

Question 58

The Parotid gland is superficial (superficial/deep) to the Masseter muscle

Missing Word

superficial

Question 59

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common salivary gland tumor

Missing Words

Pleomorphic, adenoma

Question 60

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the salivary gland

Missing Words

Mucoepidermoid, carcinoma

Question 61

The characteristic symptom of Frey syndrome is gustatory sweating

Missing Words

gustatory, sweating

Question 62

Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign salivary gland tumor

Missing Words

Pleomorphic, adenoma

Question 63

Papillary carcinoma is the most common thyroid cancer

Missing Words

Papillary, carcinoma

Question 64

The majority of anterior epistaxis occurs in Little area within Kiesselbach plexus

Missing Words

Little, Kiesselbach

Question 65

Epistaxis is the most common presenting symptom of Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia

Missing Word

Epistaxis

Question 66

Rhinitis medicamentosa is a condition of rebound nasal congestion brought on by extended use of topical decongestants

Missing Words

Rhinitis, medicamentosa

Question 67

Which symptom of allergies is shown below? Allergic shiners

Missing Words

Allergic, shiners

Question 68

β2 transferrin present on nasal discharge indicates CSF leak

Missing Words

CSF, leak

Question 69

The Stapes touches the Oval window

Missing Word

Oval

Question 70

The Stria vascularis produces endolymph and releases it into the cochlea

Missing Words

Stria, vascularis

Question 71

The Stapedius and Tensor tympani function greater at lower (lower/higher) frequencies

Missing Word

lower

Helps eliminate background noise, while preserving speech

Question 72

Trismus refers to the reduced ability to open the mouth

Missing Word

Trismus

Question 73

Lemierre syndrome (Which condition?) is infectious thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein

Missing Words

Lemierre, syndrome

Question 74

Scrofula is tuberculous lymphadenitis of the cervical region

Missing Word

Scrofula

Question 75

Lemierre syndrome is a rare thrombophlebitis of the internal jugular vein

Missing Word

thrombophlebitis

Question 76

In Lemierre syndrome, the bacterium is thought to spread via the tonsillar veins to the internal jugular system

Missing Word

tonsillar

Question 77

Vismodegib can be used to inhibit the Hedgehog signaling pathway to treat Basal cell carcinoma

Missing Word

Vismodegib

Question 78

Vismodegib can be used to inhibit the Hedgehog signaling pathway to treat Basal cell carcinoma

Missing Words

Basal, cell, carcinoma

Question 79

Which precancerous skin lesion is shown below? Actinic keratosis

Missing Words

Actinic, keratosis

Question 80

Actinic chelitis is the precancerous sun-damage changes that typically occur on the lower lip of older adults

Missing Words

Actinic, chelitis

Question 81

Prognosis for Maxillary tumors is better below (below/above) Ohngren Line

Missing Word

below

Question 82

Prognosis for Maxillary tumors is better below Ohngren Line (which structure?)

Missing Words

Ohngren, Line

Question 83

Tumors of the nasal cavity (nasal cavity/paranasal sinuses) are more likely to be benign

Missing Words

nasal, cavity

Question 84

Tumors of the paranasal sinuses (nasal cavity/paranasal sinuses) are more likely to be malignant

Missing Words

paranasal, sinuses

Question 85

Cervical lymph nodes over 2 cm (which size?) should be biopsied for suspected lymphoma

Missing Words

2, cm

Question 86

Acute Rhinosinusitis, by definition, must last less than 4 weeks (how long?)

Missing Words

4, weeks

Question 87

Orbital complications of rhinosinusitis are described using the Chandler classification

Missing Words

Chandler, classification

Question 88

Chronic Rhinosinusitis is chronic inflammation of the mucosal lining of the paranasal sinuses that persists for at least 12 weeks

Missing Words

12, weeks

Question 89

CSF is produced by the choroid plexus in the ventricles

Missing Words

choroid, plexus

Question 90

Intrathecal Fluorescein is the most commonly used visible CSF tracer used to identify a CSF leak

Missing Word

Fluorescein

Question 91

Vancomycin (Antibiotic?) potentiates the ototoxic effect of Aminoglycosides

Missing Word

Vancomycin

Question 92

Vancomycin potentiates the ototoxic effect of Aminoglycosides

Missing Word

Aminoglycosides

Question 93

Ototoxic drugs affect the high (low/high) frequencies first

Missing Word

high

Question 94

Enlarged Vestibular aqueduct is the most common imaging finding in children with SNHL

Missing Words

Vestibular, aqueduct

Question 95

Intravenous Lidocaine can temporarily stop tinnitus

Missing Word

Lidocaine

However, it is impractical because of the short duration of action and intravenous administration

Question 96

Bezold abscess is a rare complication of Acute otitis media

Missing Words

Acute, otitis, media

Question 97

Bezold abscess is an abscess deep to the Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Missing Word

Sternocleidomastoid

Question 98

Invagination is the most accepted theory of primary acquired cholesteatomas

Missing Word

Invagination

Question 99

Primary acquired cholesteatomas primarily arise from the Pars flaccida (flaccida/tensa)

Missing Word

flaccida

Question 100

Immediately distal to the Cricopharyngeus muscle is the most likely location of esophageal foreign bodies

Missing Word

Cricopharyngeus

Question 101

Zenker diverticulum causes a(n) posterior (posterior/anterior) herniation

Missing Word

posterior

Question 102

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis is the most common benign neoplasm of the larynx

Missing Words

Recurrent, respiratory, papillomatosis

Question 103

Vocal nodules are typically bilateral (unilateral/bilateral)

Missing Word

bilateral

Question 104

Vocal polyps are typically unilateral (unilateral/bilateral)

Missing Word

unilateral

However, have a contralateral reaction lesion on the opposite vocal fold

Question 105

The Superficial lamina propria is also known as Reinke space

Missing Words

Reinke, space

Question 106

Reinke space is relatively less (less/more) dense than the vocal ligament

Missing Word

less

Question 107

Vocal fold nodules (nodules/polyps) are rarely managed surgically

Missing Word

nodules

Question 108

Vocal fold polyps (nodules/polyps) are often treated with phonomicrosurgery

Missing Word

polyps

Question 109

Vocal fold polyps are typically asymmetric (asymmetric/symmetric)

Missing Word

asymmetric

Question 110

Vocal fold nodules are typically symmetric (asymmetric/symmetric)

Missing Word

symmetric

Question 111

Vocal fold nodules (nodules/polyps) respond relatively better to behavioral modification and voice therapy

Missing Word

nodules

Thus are less often treated with surgery

Question 112

Polypoid corditis is also known as Reinke edema

Missing Words

Polypoid, corditis

Question 113

Polypoid corditis is also known as Reinke edema

Missing Words

Reinke, edema

Question 114

Polypoid corditis results in increased (increased/decreased) vocal fold mass

Missing Word

increased

Question 115

Polypoid corditis causes decreased (increased/decreased) pitched voice

Missing Word

decreased

Question 116

Neonates are obligate nose (nose/mouth) breathers

Missing Word

nose

Due to elevation of the larynx with the epiglottis near the soft palate

Question 117

Bifid uvula is often regarded as a marker for submucous cleft

Missing Words

submucous, cleft

Question 118

The internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve has only sensory (sensory/motor) innervation

Missing Word

sensory

Question 119

Stertor is generally present when obstruction is above (below/above) the level of the vocal cords

Missing Word

above

Typically in the pharyngeal region

Question 120

BPPV most commonly affects the Posterior semicircular canal

Missing Word

Posterior

Question 121

Caloric tests examine only the function of the Horizontal semicircular canals

Missing Word

Horizontal

Question 122

Bullous myringitis is typically viral (viral/bacterial)

Missing Word

viral

Strep pneumo is the most common bacterial cause

Question 123

The middle ear space is under constant negative (negative/positive) pressure

Missing Word

negative

Which is why ET dysfunction can cause middle ear effusion

Question 124

Longitudinal (Longitudinal/Transverse) fractures account for 80% of all temporal bone fractures

Missing Word

Longitudinal

Question 125

Longitudinal (Longitudinal/Transverse) temporal bone fractures are more likely to be otic capsule sparing

Missing Word

Longitudinal

Question 126

Transverse (Longitudinal/Transverse) temporal bone fractures are less likely to be otic capsule sparing

Missing Word

Transverse

Question 127

Longitudinal temporal bone fractures comprise approximately 80% of temporal bone fractures

Missing Word

80

Question 128

Transverse temporal bone fractures comprise approximately 20% of temporal bone fractures

Missing Word

20

Question 129

The Perigeniculate region of the facial nerve is the most likely site of facial nerve injury in temporal bone fractures

Missing Word

Perigeniculate

Question 130

Patients with complete facial nerve paralysis can be tested with Serial ENoG to determine necessity for facial nerve decompression after temporal bone trauma

Missing Word

ENoG

Question 131

The Basal lamella functionally divides the anterior and posterior Ethmoid cells

Missing Words

Basal, lamella

Question 132

Which facial analysis distinction is pictured below? Frankfort horizontal plane

Missing Words

Frankfort, horizontal, plane

Question 133

The Pogonion is the most anterior point on the chin in profile view

Missing Word

Pogonion

Question 134

Inherited SNHL is most commonly Non-syndromic (Non-syndromic/Syndromic)

Missing Word

Non-syndromic

Approximately 70% of inherited SNHL is Non-syndromic

Question 135

GJB2 (Gene?) encodes the connexin-26 gap junction protein as the most common mutation causing congenital profound hearing loss

Missing Word

GJB2

Question 136

Enlarged vestibular aqueduct is the most common inner ear anomaly seen on temporal bone imaging in patients with sensorineural hearing loss

Missing Words

Enlarged, vestibular, aqueduct

Question 137

Enlarged vestibular aqueduct is defined by being larger than 1.5 mm in size

Missing Words

1.5, mm

Question 138

Congenital subglottic stenosis is defined by a diameter less than 4 mm (size?) in the newborn at the level of the cricoid cartilage

Missing Words

4, mm

Question 139

Congenital subglottic stenosis is defined by a diameter less than 3 mm (size?) in the premature infant at the level of the cricoid cartilage

Missing Words

3, mm

Question 140

A(n) “beard”distribution of hemangioma may indicate a subglottic hemangioma

Missing Word

beard

Question 141

Paralysis indicates vocal fold immobility from a permanent neurologic cause

Missing Word

Paralysis

Question 142

In females (females/males), a posterior glottic gap is often physiologic and normal

Missing Word

females

Question 143

Tracheomalacia typically has an expiratory (expiratory/inspiratory) stridor

Missing Word

expiratory

Question 144

Administration of Amoxicillin (drug?) can cause a(n) "salmon"-colored rash in patients with Mononucleosis

Missing Word

Amoxicillin

Question 145

Administration of Amoxicillin can cause a(n) "salmon"-colored rash in patients with Mononucleosis

Missing Word

salmon

Question 146

Administration of Amoxicillin can cause a(n) "salmon"-colored rash in patients with Mononucleosis (disease?)

Missing Word

Mononucleosis

Question 147

Positive staining for GLUT1 is suggestive of infantile hemangiomas

Missing Word

GLUT1

Question 148

Positive staining for GLUT1 is suggestive of infantile hemangiomas (which common vascular tumor?)

Missing Words

infantile, hemangiomas

Fill in the Blank (148)

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