The Animal Cell: Label the Parts
Flashcards
20 questions
Natural & Physical Sciences > Cell Biology
by Sean Valentine
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Flashcards (20)
Card 1
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Nuclear pore
A protein channel in the nuclear envelope that controls the traffic of RNA and proteins between the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
Card 2
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Chromatin
DNA wrapped around histone proteins. It condenses into visible chromosomes when the cell divides.
Card 3
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Nuclear envelope
The double membrane around the nucleus. Its outer membrane is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
Card 4
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Nucleolus
The dense region of the nucleus where ribosomal RNA is made and ribosome subunits are assembled.
Card 5
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Peroxisome
A small membrane sac of enzymes that breaks down fatty acids and turns toxic hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen.
Card 6
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Microtubule
A hollow tube of tubulin, the thickest cytoskeleton fiber. Microtubules are tracks for vesicle transport and form the spindle in cell division.
Card 7
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Lysosome
A membrane sac of digestive enzymes that breaks down worn-out organelles, food particles and engulfed microbes.
Card 8
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Free ribosomes
Ribosomes floating in the cytosol. They make proteins that stay and work inside the cytoplasm.
Card 9
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Mitochondrion
The site of aerobic cellular respiration, which makes most of the cell's ATP. It has its own DNA and a folded inner membrane (cristae).
Card 10
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Intermediate filaments
Rope-like cytoskeleton fibers, such as keratin, that give the cell tensile strength and hold the nucleus in place.
Card 11
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Cytoplasm
Everything inside the plasma membrane except the nucleus: the fluid cytosol plus the organelles.
Card 12
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Secretory vesicle
A membrane bubble that carries products from the Golgi apparatus to the plasma membrane and releases them by exocytosis.
Card 13
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Centrosome (with 2 centrioles)
The main microtubule-organizing center, near the nucleus. Its pair of centrioles helps organize the spindle during cell division.
Card 14
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Flagellum
A long, whip-like extension built from microtubules that moves the whole cell, as in a sperm cell.
Card 15
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Plasma membrane
A phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that surrounds the cell and controls what enters and leaves.
Card 16
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Golgi apparatus (Golgi vesicles)
A stack of flattened membrane sacs that modifies, sorts and packages proteins and lipids from the ER for delivery.
Card 17
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Ribosomes
Made of rRNA and protein, ribosomes translate mRNA into protein. Ribosomes on the rough ER make proteins for export or for membranes.
Card 18
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
A membrane network studded with ribosomes that makes and folds proteins headed for secretion or for membranes.
Card 19
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
ER without ribosomes. It makes lipids, stores calcium and detoxifies drugs.
Card 20
Name the hidden part of the animal cell.
Answer
Actin filaments
The thinnest cytoskeleton fibers (microfilaments). They support the cell's shape and power movements such as crawling and cytokinesis.
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