Pain and emotional stress can raise intracranial pressure, so pain control is part of care for a patient with increased intracranial pressure.
Correct Answer
True
True. Pain and stress increase blood pressure and cerebral blood flow, which can push intracranial pressure higher, so analgesics and calming measures are part of the plan of care.
Category: Intracranial Pressure
Question 2
Fever lowers the brain's metabolic demand, so it helps reduce intracranial pressure.
Correct Answer
False
False. Fever raises the brain's metabolic demand and can increase intracranial pressure, so nurses work to prevent and treat fever in these patients.
Category: Intracranial Pressure
Question 3
A benign brain tumor can still be dangerous because it can press on and damage nearby brain tissue.
Correct Answer
True
True. Even slow-growing, noncancerous tumors take up space inside the rigid skull, so they can compress brain tissue, block cerebrospinal fluid flow and raise intracranial pressure.
Category: Tumors and Infections
Question 4
Viral meningitis is generally less severe than bacterial meningitis.
Correct Answer
True
True. Viral meningitis is the most common form and often resolves with supportive care, while bacterial meningitis can progress quickly to brain damage, hearing loss or death and needs emergency treatment.
Category: Tumors and Infections
Question 5
Guillain-Barre syndrome spares the autonomic nerves, so heart rate and blood pressure stay stable throughout the illness.
Correct Answer
False
False. Guillain-Barre syndrome can damage autonomic nerves and cause swings in heart rate, blood pressure and temperature, so the nurse monitors vital signs closely along with breathing and muscle strength.
Category: Autoimmune Disorders
Question 6
Because Guillain-Barre syndrome limits mobility, the nurse watches the legs for pain, redness and swelling that may signal a blood clot.
Correct Answer
True
True. Weakness and paralysis keep the patient in bed, which slows blood flow in the legs and raises the risk of clots, so the nurse assesses the legs and assists with repositioning and mobility exercises.
Category: Autoimmune Disorders
Question 7
A single blood test can confirm a diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.
Correct Answer
False
False. No blood test confirms multiple sclerosis; blood work is used to rule out conditions that mimic it, while MRI lesions, cerebrospinal fluid findings and evoked potential tests support the diagnosis.
Category: Autoimmune Disorders
Question 8
A patient with myasthenia gravis who is short of breath breathes more easily sitting upright in a Fowler position.
Correct Answer
True
True. Sitting upright lets the weakened breathing muscles and the diaphragm work with less resistance from the abdominal organs, which eases the work of breathing while the provider is alerted.
Category: Autoimmune Disorders
Question 9
For a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the nurse provides assistive devices that help the patient keep doing tasks such as self-feeding for as long as possible.
Correct Answer
True
True. The disease causes progressive weakness, and care focuses on controlling symptoms and preserving independence, with physical, occupational and speech therapists adapting devices and techniques as abilities change.
Category: Neurodegenerative Disease
Question 10
Patients with late-stage Alzheimer disease have an increased risk of infections such as pneumonia.
Correct Answer
True
True. In the late stage patients lose movement control and swallowing ability and need round-the-clock care, which raises the risk of aspiration and pneumonia.
Category: Neurodegenerative Disease
Question 11
Parkinson disease symptoms usually begin abruptly and reach full severity right away.
Correct Answer
False
False. Parkinson disease has a subtle onset and progresses gradually, often starting with a slight tremor or stiffness that worsens slowly.
Category: Neurodegenerative Disease
Question 12
Parkinson disease increases automatic movements such as blinking and arm swing while walking.
Correct Answer
False
False. Parkinson disease causes a loss of automatic movements, so patients blink less and their arms swing less when they walk.
Category: Neurodegenerative Disease
Question 13
A diet high in carbohydrates and low in fat may help some patients with epilepsy reduce their seizures.
Correct Answer
False
False. The diet that may help some patients with epilepsy is the reverse: high in fat and low in carbohydrates. Adequate fluids also matter, because dehydration can trigger seizures.
Category: Seizures
Question 14
A secondary spinal tumor begins in the spinal cord itself.
Correct Answer
False
False. A secondary, or metastatic, spinal tumor starts in another part of the body and spreads to the spine; a tumor that begins in the spine or spinal cord is a primary tumor.
Category: Pain and Spinal Disorders
Question 15
Long-term high blood glucose in diabetes can damage peripheral nerves and lead to polyneuropathy.
Correct Answer
True
True. Diabetes is a leading cause of polyneuropathy; prolonged high glucose injures the nerves, which often shows first as numbness, tingling or burning in the feet.
Category: Pain and Spinal Disorders
Question 16
Polyneuropathy affects only the motor nerves that control voluntary muscles.
Correct Answer
False
False. Polyneuropathy can damage motor, sensory and autonomic nerves, so it can cause weakness, numbness and pain, and problems such as dizziness from blood pressure drops or loss of bladder control.
Category: Pain and Spinal Disorders
Question 17
Improper lifting technique is a risk factor for low back pain.
Correct Answer
True
True. Lifting with poor body mechanics strains the muscles and disks of the lower back; obesity, lack of exercise, smoking and older age are other risk factors.
Category: Pain and Spinal Disorders
Question 18
Bright lighting in the room helps prevent seizures in a patient recovering from a traumatic brain injury.
Correct Answer
False
False. Low lighting and a calm environment help prevent seizures after a brain injury, because bright or flashing light can act as a trigger. Seizure care also includes safe bedding and padding during an episode.
Category: Neurologic Injury
Question 19
Because emotional symptoms of a traumatic brain injury can develop after the first symptoms, the nurse teaches the family to report new irritability or mood swings during recovery.
Correct Answer
True
True. Headache and confusion usually appear right after the injury, while mood changes, irritability and frustration can emerge later, so ongoing assessment and family teaching help catch them and arrange mental health support.
Category: Neurologic Injury
Question 20
Disease-modifying therapy cures multiple sclerosis when it is started early.
Correct Answer
False
False. Multiple sclerosis has no cure. Disease-modifying therapies aim to reduce relapses and slow progression, while other treatments such as physical therapy and symptom medications help patients manage the disease.
Category: Autoimmune Disorders