A client is receiving trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole for a urinary tract infection. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential adverse effect?
Hypertension
Photosensitivity
✓
Tinnitus
Hypoglycemia
Correct Answer
Photosensitivity
A potential adverse effect of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole is photosensitivity (increased sensitivity to sunlight or artificial light).
Question 2
The health care provider prescribes phenazopyridine hydrochloride 200 mg orally three times daily for a client with urinary tract discomfort. The available tablets are 100 mg each. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose?
3 tablets
2 tablets
✓
1 tablet
4 tablets
Correct Answer
2 tablets
3. c. Tadalafil works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the prostate and bladder, which can help improve urine flow and reduce the urinary symptoms caused by prostate enlargement.
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a client with an overactive bladder who is prescribed oxybutynin. Which adverse effect will the nurse include when educating the client about this medication?
Diarrhea
Urinary urgency
Restlessness
Dry mouth
✓
Correct Answer
Dry mouth
Oxybutynin is an anticholinergic, and a common adverse effect is dry mouth (xerostomia) due to the inhibition of salivary gland secretions.
Question 4
A nurse is caring for a client with urinary tract discomfort. The health care provider prescribes phenazopyridine hydrochloride. The nurse instructs the client that this drug is classified as an:
Analgesic drug
✓
Anticholinergic drug
Antispasmodic drug
Anti-infective drug
Correct Answer
Analgesic drug
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride is a urinary analgesic that provides relief from the pain, burning, and discomfort associated with UTIs.
Question 5
The nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for tadalafil. The nurse will caution the client about which of the following side effects?
Hemolytic anemia
Angioedema
Vasomotor response
✓
Urinary urgency
Correct Answer
Vasomotor response
The vasomotor response of systemic vasodilation can occur if the client changes position rapidly, resulting in vertigo and syncope.
Question 6
Which statement accurately describes the pharmacologic action of mirabegron?
Relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder
✓
Stimulates the alpha-adrenergic receptors
Blocks angiotensin II receptors
Inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity
Correct Answer
Relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder
The pharmacologic action of mirabegron involves the selective activation of beta-3 adrenergic receptors in the bladder, leading to relaxation of the detrusor smooth muscle. This relaxation increases bladder capacity and decreases the urgency and frequency of urination.
Question 7
Which of the following is the potential effect of trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole on potassium levels in a client?
Variable effect on potassium levels
Hypokalemia
No effect on potassium levels
Hyperkalemia
✓
Correct Answer
Hyperkalemia
Trimethoprim induces a progressive but reversible increase of serum potassium concentrations in a substantial number of clients.
Question 8
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who has been prescribed, concomitantly with fosfomycin, phenazopyridine hydrochloride for symptomatic relief of urinary pain and discomfort. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further education regarding the use of phenazopyridine hydrochloride?
"I will continue taking this medication until my symptoms completely resolve."
✓
"I understand that this medication may stain my contact lenses."
"I will take this medication with meals to minimize stomach upset."
"I should expect my urine to turn orange or reddish in color."
Correct Answer
"I will continue taking this medication until my symptoms completely resolve."
Phenazopyridine hydrochloride is intended for short-term use to alleviate urinary pain and discomfort and should not be used longer than 2 days.
Question 9
A client with a history of narrow angle glaucoma has been prescribed solifenacin succinate for overactive bladder. The nurse should take which action regarding the medication?
Administer the medication as prescribed and monitor the client's intraocular pressure closely
Administer a reduced dosage of the medication to prevent glaucoma exacerbation
Do not administer the medication, and notify the health care provider
✓
Explain to the client that this medication is contraindicated in glaucoma
Correct Answer
Do not administer the medication, and notify the health care provider
Solifenacin succinate is contraindicated in clients with narrow angle glaucoma.