The nurse is caring for a client who has sustained an ischemic stroke. The nurse recognizes that the client is experiencing deficits in which part of the nervous system?
Somatic nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Central nervous system
✓
Autonomic nervous system
Correct Answer
Central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is composed of the brain and the spinal cord. Therefore, the nurse would recognize that an ischemic stroke involves deficits originating in the CNS.
Question 2
Parkinson's disease is associated with balance alterations. Which area is responsible for coordination of movement?
Cerebrum
Medulla
Pons
Cerebellum
✓
Correct Answer
Cerebellum
The cerebellum, located below the cerebrum, controls coordination of movement and postural adjustment.
Question 3
The nurse is caring for a client wearing a neck brace. The client reports the provider informed them that their "neck fracture" may cause some nerve disturbances. Which region of the spinal cord is involved?
Lumbar vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae
Cervical vertebrae
✓
Sacral vertebrae
Correct Answer
Cervical vertebrae
The cervical vertebrae are located in the neck region of the body.
Question 4
Which specific part of the nervous system involves regulation of involuntary responses of cardiac muscle, smooth muscle contraction, and gland activity?
Peripheral nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
✓
Central nervous system
Somatic nervous system
Correct Answer
Autonomic nervous system
The autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary responses by regulating cardiac muscle and smooth muscle contraction in addition to gland activity.
Question 5
The nurse is gathering an admission history from a newly admitted client. The nurse observes that the client appears calm and they have relaxed breathing. Which specific part of the nervous system is activated?
Parasympathetic nervous system
✓
Autonomic nervous system
Peripheral nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Correct Answer
Parasympathetic nervous system
The parasympathetic nervous system, or "rest and digest" system, is activated when the body is relaxed and not under actual or perceived stress.
Question 6
The client reports feelings of anxiety related to perceived threats. Which specific part of the nervous system is activated related to this client's reports?
Peripheral nervous system
Autonomic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
✓
Correct Answer
Sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system, or "fight or flight system," is activated when the body is under actual or perceived stress to ready the body's response to a potential threat.
Question 7
Which communication process is involved in the sending and receiving of electrical signals within the nervous system?
Neurological regulation
Neurotransmission
✓
Homeostasis
Neuron
Correct Answer
Neurotransmission
Neurotransmission is the nervous system's communication process by which electrical signals are sent down the axon and transformed into chemical messengers.
Question 8
What is the most common neurotransmitter of the autonomic nervous system?
Acetylcholine
✓
Serotonin
Glutamate
Histamine
Correct Answer
Acetylcholine
The most common neurotransmitters of the autonomic nervous system are acetylcholine and norepinephrine.
Question 9
The client is prescribed a medication that stimulates acetylcholine. Which specific part of the nervous system would be affected?
Somatic
Parasympathetic
✓
Central nervous system
Sympathetic
Correct Answer
Parasympathetic
Medications that stimulate the release of acetylcholine are known as parasympathomimetic due to their mimicking of the parasympathetic nervous system.
Question 10
The client reports being prescribed a medication that will decrease their heart rate and the heart contraction force. Which receptor would be indicated in this medication?
Beta1
✓
Beta3
Nicotinic
Alpha1
Correct Answer
Beta1
The beta1 adrenergic receptor would be indicated in this instance. Specifically, this medication would be a beta1 blocker.