The physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation and leads the rehabilitation team is the physiatrist.
Missing Word
physiatrist
A physiatrist assesses function and creates and oversees the treatment plan aimed at improving mobility and quality of life.
Category: Rehabilitation Team
Question 2
The rehabilitation specialist who designs, fits and adjusts artificial limbs is the prosthetist.
Missing Word
prosthetist
A prosthetist makes and fits devices that replace a missing body part and checks their fit and function over time.
Category: Rehabilitation Team
Question 3
In pulmonary rehabilitation, a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease learns huffing, forced breaths out through an open mouth that are gentler than a cough and move mucus from the smaller airways toward the larger ones.
Missing Word
huffing
Huffing is an airway clearance technique: a deep breath in, then a steady forced breath out with the mouth and throat open. It loosens secretions from the smaller airways while tiring the patient less than repeated hard coughing, and it is followed by a cough to clear the mucus.
Category: Rehabilitation Care
Question 4
A patient whose brain injury has left problems with memory, attention and behavior is referred to a neuropsychologist, who uses specialized testing to diagnose and treat these cognitive problems.
Missing Word
neuropsychologist
A neuropsychologist assesses how brain injury or neurological disease affects thinking and behavior and guides treatment of these problems.
Category: Rehabilitation Team
Question 5
Nurses who care for people experiencing homelessness teach safe injection practices, such as never sharing needles or syringes with another person, to lower the spread of bloodborne infections.
Missing Word
sharing
Sharing needles and syringes passes blood from one person to the next and spreads HIV and hepatitis B and C. Teaching safe injection practices and the risks of overdose, and connecting people with treatment, is part of nonjudgmental care for this population.
Category: Community Care Settings
Question 6
Loss of sensation below a spinal cord injury removes the discomfort that normally prompts a person to shift position, so unrelieved pressure over the buttocks and sacrum can quickly cause skin breakdown.
Missing Word
pressure
Without that warning, a person can sit or lie in one position long enough to injure the skin. The nurse teaches regular position changes and weight shifts, daily skin checks and proper cushioning to prevent pressure injuries.
Category: Rehabilitation Care
Question 7
After a stroke, the occupational therapist teaches the patient adaptive ways to bathe, groom and eat, such as using a built-up spoon or a long-handled sponge.
Missing Word
occupational
The occupational therapist focuses on restoring independence in self-care, work and leisure tasks, using adaptive techniques and equipment. The physical therapist, by contrast, works on strength, balance and walking.
Category: Rehabilitation Team
Question 8
After a stroke, weakness of the arm and leg on one side that still allows some movement is called hemiparesis, and the nurse stands on that weaker side when helping the patient walk.
Missing Word
hemiparesis
Hemiparesis is weakness of one side of the body, while hemiplegia is complete paralysis of that side. Standing on the weaker side lets the nurse support the leg most likely to give way, and rehabilitation works to rebuild strength, balance and motor control.
Category: Rehabilitation Care
Question 9
After a spinal cord injury in the thoracic spine, a patient has full use of the arms and hands but cannot move either leg, a pattern called paraplegia.
Missing Word
paraplegia
Paraplegia is paralysis of both legs, and sometimes part of the trunk, from an injury below the cervical cord, so the arms are spared. Rehabilitation builds upper-body strength for wheelchair use and transfers, along with bladder, bowel and skin care.
Category: Rehabilitation Care
Question 10
Moving from a bed to a wheelchair, a chair or a toilet is called a transfer, and the rehabilitation team checks whether the patient can do it safely.
Missing Word
transfer
Assessing each transfer shows whether the patient needs an assistive device, gait training or strengthening before going home.
Category: Rehabilitation Care
Question 11
After several office workers report wrist and back pain, the workplace nurse checks chair, desk and screen heights and teaches the principles of ergonomics, so that each workstation fits the worker's body.
Missing Word
ergonomics
Ergonomics adapts tools, workstations and tasks to the person doing them, which lowers the risk of strain and repetitive-motion injuries. Teaching it is part of the occupational health nurse's focus on preventing injury, along with hazard assessment and protective equipment use.
Category: Community Care Settings
Question 12
The respiratory therapist on the rehabilitation team improves lung function through breathing exercises and helps manage chronic lung disease.
Missing Word
respiratory
The respiratory therapist works on lung function and endurance, which supports participation in other therapies.
Category: Rehabilitation Team
Question 13
Nurses who care for people experiencing homelessness teach prevention of HIV, hepatitis and tuberculosis, an airborne bacterial lung infection that spreads easily in crowded shelters.
Missing Word
tuberculosis
Tuberculosis spreads through the air in close, crowded settings, so prevention teaching and screening are part of care for this population.
Category: Community Care Settings
Question 14
During a home visit for wound care, the nurse measures the wound's length, width and depth and compares them with earlier visits to judge healing.
Missing Word
depth
Measuring length, width and depth the same way at each visit gives objective data that show whether a wound is healing. The nurse documents the measurements and reports a wound that is getting larger or deeper.
Category: Home Health Visits
Question 15
Compared with urban and suburban areas, rural areas have few health facilities, so nurses there are often the primary health care providers.
Missing Word
rural
In rural communities, nurses perform assessments, give treatments and medications and respond to emergencies because other services are limited.
Category: Community Care Settings