A nurse is caring for a client with acute bronchospasm. The health care provider orders albuterol, a shortacting beta-2 adrenergic agonist. What is the most appropriate rationale for administering albuterol to the client?
To stimulate cholinergic receptors
To induce bronchodilation
✓
To suppress the immune response
To reduce airway inflammation
Correct Answer
To induce bronchodilation
Albuterol is a short-acting beta-agonist that works by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the airway smooth muscles.
Question 2
A client is ordered 60 mg of prednisone daily to be taken in three divided doses. How much will the client take for each dose?
15 mg
30 mg
20 mg
✓
10 mg
Correct Answer
20 mg
3. c. Theophylline is a xanthine derivative medication used for long-term control of asthma symptoms.
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a client with COPD who is prescribed ipratropium bromide, a respiratory anticholinergic medication. What is the most appropriate rationale for administering ipratropium bromide to the client?
To induce bronchodilation
✓
To stimulate cholinergic receptors
To suppress the immune response
To reduce airway inflammation
Correct Answer
To induce bronchodilation
Ipratropium bromide is a respiratory anticholinergic medication that acts by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that causes bronchoconstriction. By blocking acetylcholine, ipratropium bromide helps to relax the smooth muscles in the airways, leading to bronchodilation and improved airflow.
Question 4
The loading dose of theophylline is 4.6 mg/kg. The client for whom it is prescribed weighs 121 pounds. How much will the nurse give for the loading dose?
155 mg
253 mg
✓
125 mg
250 mg
Correct Answer
253 mg
First the nurse needs to determine the client's weight in kilograms:
Question 5
A nurse is providing education to a client prescribed montelukast, a leukotriene modifier, for the management of asthma. The nurse informs the client about potential side effects of this medication. Which side effect should the nurse include in the client education?
Excessive drowsiness and sedation
Dry mouth and blurred vision
Increased heart rate and palpitations
Headache and dizziness
✓
Correct Answer
Headache and dizziness
The most commonly reported side effects of montelukast include headache and dizziness.
Question 6
A nurse is assessing a client who has been prescribed a respiratory anticholinergic medication. What medical history would be a concern for this nurse when administering the anticholinergic medication?
History of urinary retention
✓
History of migraines
History of hypertension
History of osteoarthritis
Correct Answer
History of urinary retention
Respiratory anticholinergic medications have the potential to worsen urinary retention due to their ability to relax smooth muscles, including those in the urinary tract.
Question 7
A nurse is educating a client who has been taking methylprednisolone for an extended period. The nurse emphasizes the importance of gradually tapering the medication instead of abruptly stopping it. Which risk is the nurse concerned about?
Neurological impairment
Gastrointestinal bleeding
Allergic reactions
Adrenal insufficiency
✓
Correct Answer
Adrenal insufficiency
Abruptly stopping methylprednisolone, a corticosteroid medication, can lead to adrenal insufficiency. Longterm use of corticosteroids suppresses the adrenal glands, causing them to produce less cortisol. When the medication is abruptly discontinued, the adrenal glands may not be able to produce enough cortisol on their own, leading to adrenal insufficiency.
Question 8
A nurse is providing education to a client who has been prescribed salmeterol, a long-acting beta-2 adrenergic agonist. The nurse instructs the client on the proper use of the medication. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further education?
"I will rinse my mouth after using the inhaler to prevent throat irritation."
"Salmeterol is a long-acting medication that helps prevent asthma symptoms."
"I should use salmeterol for quick relief during an asthma attack."
✓
"I should not exceed the prescribed dosage of salmeterol in a 24-hour period."
Correct Answer
"I should use salmeterol for quick relief during an asthma attack."
Salmeterol is a long-acting beta-agonist that is not intended for quick relief during an asthma attack.
Question 9
A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed tiotropium, an anticholinergic medication used to manage COPD. The nurse provides education to the client regarding the medication. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an understanding of tiotropium?
"Tiotropium works by relaxing the muscles in my airways."
✓
"I can take an extra dose of tiotropium if I experience worsening symptoms."
"This medication will help reduce airway inflammation."
"I should take this medication during an acute COPD exacerbation."
Correct Answer
"Tiotropium works by relaxing the muscles in my airways."
Tiotropium is an anticholinergic medication that works by blocking the action of acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter that causes bronchoconstriction. By blocking acetylcholine, tiotropium helps to relax the smooth muscles in the airways, leading to bronchodilation and improved airflow.