A nurse is evaluating a client in the emergency department who presents with painful urination and urethral discharge. Laboratory tests indicate that the client is positive for gonorrhea. Which medication does the nurse anticipate the health care provider will most likely prescribe?
Acyclovir
Ceftriaxone
✓
Permethrin
Metronidazole
Correct Answer
Ceftriaxone
Ceftriaxone is the treatment of choice for gonorrheal infections.
Question 2
A nurse is talking with a 17-year-old client who states they have heard about vaccines to prevent sexually transmitted infections. Which condition should the nurse tell the client is preventable with vaccination?
Hepatitis C
HIV
Human papillomavirus
✓
Chlamydia
Correct Answer
Human papillomavirus
It is important that clients receive the HPV vaccine before becoming sexually active, if possible, to provide maximal protection against the HPV strains most likely to cause cancer.
Question 3
A nurse is counseling a client about their new tuberculosis diagnosis and the medications they will be taking. Which of the following educational points should the nurse make to the client?
"There are no drug interactions to worry about with your tuberculosis medication."
"Your urine may turn blue."
"Follow up with the health care provider if you cannot tell the difference between green and red."
✓
"Missing doses every once in a while is not a problem."
Correct Answer
"Follow up with the health care provider if you cannot tell the difference between green and red."
A toxic effect of ethambutol is the loss of ability to distinguish between the colors red and green, warranting a change in drug therapy.
Question 4
A nurse is reviewing a client's medication profile and notices that they are taking isoniazid, rifampin, ethambutol, and pyrazinamide for tuberculosis. These drugs can affect the function of which of the following organ systems?
Liver
✓
Heart
Muscle
Lungs
Correct Answer
Liver
Multiple tuberculosis medications are hepatotoxic, so liver function is essential to monitor.
Question 5
A nurse is examining a school-age child who is complaining of an itchy scalp. On physical examination, the nurse notices lice and nits in the child's hair. Which medication would the nurse anticipate being ordered to treat the child's lice infestation?
Metronidazole
Mebendazole
Nitazoxanide
Lindane
✓
Correct Answer
Lindane
Lindane is the only listed agent that acts against lice infestation.
Question 6
The nurse is caring for a client with HIV who is receiving antiretroviral therapy. Which laboratory value should the nurse assess to determine the competency of the client's immune system with this therapy?
HIV viral load
CD4 count
✓
Neutrophil count
Basophil count
Correct Answer
CD4 count
The CD4 count determines the degree of immune system degradation that has occurred, with lower values indicating worsened immune function. HIV viral load is not a laboratory test.
Question 7
The nurse is teaching a client about their medications, which include elvitegravir, cobicistat, tenofovir, and lamivudine. Which medication would the nurse tell the client works by inhibiting integration of the HIV DNA into their own DNA?
Elvitegravir
✓
Tenofovir
Lamivudine
Cobicistat
Correct Answer
Elvitegravir
Elvitegravir is the only listed agent that works as an integrase inhibitor to prevent the incorporation of viral DNA into human DNA.
Question 8
A client with a history of anaphylaxis to sulfonamides is being treated for a urinary tract infection. Which of the following medications is contraindicated in the care of this client?
Metronidazole
Sulfamethoxazole
✓
Ciprofloxacin
Cephalexin
Correct Answer
Sulfamethoxazole
Sulfamethoxazole contains a sulfonamide group and could cause a cross-sensitivity in the client.
Question 9
A client presents to the health care provider's office with a report of profuse watery diarrhea that started 10 days after they began taking clindamycin for a skin infection. Which organism does the nurse anticipate is responsible for the client's symptoms?
Staphylococcus aureus
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Clostridioides difficile
✓
Correct Answer
Clostridioides difficile
Clostridioides difficile is responsible for causing colitis and severe diarrhea after taking clindamycin.
Question 10
A client is being prescribed a tetracycline antibiotic for an upper respiratory tract infection. What would be an important educational point for the nurse to teach the client?
"Talk to your health care provider before becoming pregnant."
✓
"You can take the medication with milk, juice, or water."
"Stop taking the medication when you begin to feel better."
"This medication is effective for bacterial and viral infections."
Correct Answer
"Talk to your health care provider before becoming pregnant."
Tetracyclines should not be used if the client is pregnant.